A pillar of modern infrastructure and economic development has long known pain because of asbestos materials. Once praised for their durability as well as their resistance to fire and flame Asbestos has now gone out all over workplaces bringing mesothelioma cancer, asbestosis, and lung cancer with it.
This article includes information about asbestos exposure among construction workers, historic uses in building materials for buildings and a call for heightened caution and safety measures to minimize these risks.
Construction Worker’s Asbestos Exposure Statistics
Construction workers are another high-risk group for asbestos-related diseases Mesothelioma is particularly prevalent in this profession. In a recent study, 25% of all United States pleural mesothelioma cases in 2009 were construction workers, which is much higher than any other industrial occupation.
According to historical data, construction workers were frequently exposed to high concentrations of asbestos fibers. This has led to a latency period where symptoms of asbestos-related diseases are only now becoming apparent.
This differs widely among men; those over 60 are heavily overrepresented because of the male-dominated nature of construction work during those years. In areas with a lot of construction activity, the incidence of asbestos-related diseases is higher. Even now, some factories are still manufacturing asbestos products or have them in storage even though they would only be doing so for export abroad.
How Was Asbestos Used in Construction?
Asbestos was extensively used in various construction applications, commonly found in insulation, roofing shingles, floor tiles, cement products, and pipe insulation.
These materials were integral to both residential and commercial construction projects, with high-rise buildings, schools, and industrial facilities often utilizing asbestos-containing materials due to their fire-resistant and insulating properties.
Standard practices in the construction industry involved the widespread use of asbestos without adequate safety measures. Workers often handled asbestos-containing materials without protective gear, leading to significant inhalation of asbestos fibers.
As health risks became more apparent, regulations began to change in the 1970s, leading to stricter controls and the eventual phasing out of asbestos in construction materials. However, many older buildings still contain asbestos, posing ongoing risks during renovation or demolition activities.
Construction Companies That Used Asbestos
During the time of its use, several major construction companies provided asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) for the infrastructure and technology they developed. Notable companies include in the United States: Johns-Manville, Owens-Corning, W.R. Grace & Co., the United Kingdom’s Cape PLC, and Australia’s James Hardie Industries.
Why Asbestos Was Commonly Used
Asbestos was favored for its fire resistance, insulation properties, and strength. It was used in various construction materials, including cement, roofing shingles, insulation, and floor tiles. The material’s ability to withstand high temperatures and its resistance to chemical corrosion made it an ideal choice for construction projects.
Examples of Large Construction Projects
Several large construction projects involved the use of asbestos, such as the World Trade Center in New York City, which incorporated asbestos in its fireproofing materials, and the Hoover Dam, which used asbestos-containing materials for insulation and construction.
Specific Asbestos-Containing Materials
Construction workers used a variety of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs), including asbestos cement sheets, roofing shingles, insulation boards, and vinyl floor tiles. These materials provided fire resistance and thermal insulation to building structures.
Construction Processes Involving Asbestos Exposure
Several construction processes involved significant asbestos exposure. Demolition and renovation of older buildings often released asbestos fibers into the air. Cutting, sanding, and drilling ACMs also posed high risks. Workers involved in insulation installation and pipefitting frequently handled asbestos materials, increasing their exposure.
Examples of Products and Their Asbestos Content
Products like asbestos cement pipes contained up to 15% asbestos, while insulation boards could contain up to 40% asbestos. Vinyl floor tiles often had 10-20% asbestos. These products contributed to the durability and functionality of construction projects by providing fire resistance and insulation.
Equipment that Contained Asbestos
Various types of construction equipment contained asbestos. Brake linings and clutch facings in heavy machinery often use asbestos for its heat-resistant properties. Gaskets and seals in equipment like boilers and pumps also contain asbestos to prevent leaks and withstand high temperatures.
Incorporation of Asbestos
Asbestos was incorporated into equipment to enhance durability and heat resistance. For example, asbestos gaskets were used in steam pipes and boilers to prevent leaks and withstand high temperatures. Brake linings in construction vehicles use asbestos to handle the friction and heat generated during operation.
Impact on Construction Workers’ Health
The use of asbestos-containing equipment had severe health impacts on construction workers. Prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers led to diseases like asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. Workers often inhaled asbestos fibers during the maintenance and repair of equipment, leading to long-term health issues.
Modern Alternatives
Modern alternatives to asbestos-containing equipment include ceramic fibers, aramid fibers, and synthetic materials. These materials offer similar heat resistance and durability without the health risks associated with asbestos. For instance, Kevlar and Nomex are used in brake linings and gaskets, providing safe and effective replacements.
Where Asbestos Exposure Occurred in Construction
Asbestos exposure was most prevalent in areas where ACMs were heavily used, such as boiler rooms, mechanical rooms, and insulation areas. Demolition sites and renovation projects also posed significant exposure risks due to the disturbance of existing asbestos materials.
High-Risk Areas for Asbestos Exposure
High-risk areas included ceilings, walls, and floors where asbestos insulation and tiles were installed. Piping systems and ductwork often contained asbestos insulation, posing risks during maintenance and repair. Roofing and siding materials also frequently contained asbestos, exposing workers during installation and removal.
Exposure During Construction Stages
Exposure occurred during various stages of construction projects. Initial installation of ACMs exposed workers to asbestos fibers. Cutting, sanding, and drilling ACMs released fibers into the air. Demolition and renovation of older buildings disturbed asbestos materials, leading to airborne exposure.
Historical Safety Measures and Improvements
Historically, safety measures were minimal, with workers often unaware of the dangers of asbestos. Protective clothing and respirators were rarely used. Over time, regulations improved, mandating asbestos abatement procedures and protective gear.
Modern safety measures include air monitoring, wet methods to reduce dust, and enclosed work areas to contain asbestos fibers. These improvements have significantly reduced the risk of asbestos exposure in construction environments.
Occupations at Risk of Asbestos Exposure in Construction
Within the construction industry, several occupations are at heightened risk of asbestos exposure, including demolition workers, insulation installers, plumbers, electricians, and roofers.
Demolition workers face significant risks as they often encounter asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) in older buildings. Insulation installers are at risk due to the historical use of asbestos in insulation products.
Plumbers and electricians may come into contact with asbestos when working on pipes and electrical systems in older structures. Roofers are exposed when dealing with asbestos-containing roofing materials.
Exposure risks vary among different roles and tasks. Demolition and renovation tasks typically present higher risks due to the disturbance of ACMs, which can release asbestos fibers into the air. In contrast, new construction poses lower risks unless it involves the removal or disturbance of existing ACMs.
The broader impact on construction workers in related fields is significant. Prolonged asbestos exposure can lead to serious health issues such as asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.
For instance, a case study of a demolition worker who developed mesothelioma after years of exposure highlights the severe consequences of inadequate protective measures. Similarly, an insulation installer who was diagnosed with asbestosis underscores the need for stringent safety protocols.
Construction Workers Asbestos Lawsuits and Compensation
Significant asbestos lawsuits involving construction workers have set important legal precedents. One notable case is that of a demolition worker who received a substantial settlement after developing mesothelioma due to asbestos exposure.
The lawsuit highlighted the employer’s failure to provide adequate protective measures and training. Another case involved an insulation installer who was awarded compensation for asbestosis, emphasizing the long-term health impacts of asbestos exposure.
These lawsuits have influenced current and future asbestos litigation by establishing the responsibility of employers to ensure safe working conditions. Legal precedents have reinforced the need for comprehensive safety protocols and regular monitoring of asbestos levels in construction sites.
Resources available for construction workers seeking compensation or legal advice include organizations like the Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) and Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation. These organizations provide legal support, information on filing claims, and access to medical experts.
Commonly Asked Questions About Construction Asbestos Exposure
Early symptoms include persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue.
Symptoms of mesothelioma can appear 20 to 50 years after initial exposure.
Yes, workers should use personal protective equipment (PPE), follow safety protocols, and undergo regular training on asbestos handling.
They should immediately report it to their supervisor, avoid disturbing the material, and seek medical advice.
Workers can access testing through occupational health clinics, specialized asbestos disease centers, and their primary healthcare providers.
Workers have the right to a safe working environment, compensation for health issues related to asbestos exposure, and legal recourse against negligent employers.
Yes, family members can be at risk through secondary exposure from asbestos fibers brought home on workers’ clothing.
In summary, asbestos exposure remains a significant risk for construction workers, particularly those involved in demolition, insulation, plumbing, and roofing. Awareness and adherence to safety measures are crucial in mitigating these risks.
Legal precedents have reinforced the responsibility of employers to protect their workers, and resources are available for those seeking compensation or legal advice.
Continued vigilance and regulation are essential to safeguard the health of construction workers and their families from the dangers of asbestos exposure. If you or a loved one has been affected by asbestos-related diseases, seek further information and support to navigate this challenging situation.
